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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Vector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score29.85
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1.81
Rank#144  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.89
Rank#138  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerWeaviate B.V.
Initial release201420191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release2.3.4, January 202416.2, February 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusAiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++, GoCGo
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultnoyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersJavaScriptnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMilvusPostgreSQLWeaviate
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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All companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMilvusPostgreSQLWeaviate
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