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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. Titan vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. Titan vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score78.51
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score11.76
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikivertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-UnionAurelius, owned by DataStaxOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20142010201020122005
Current releaseV127.3.0, May 202012.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServernoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayesyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
TriggersJavaScriptyesyes infovia event handlersyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backendshorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-ClusteryesMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTitanVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTitanVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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