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DBMS > LevelDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL vs. Sqrrl

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument storeRDF storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.01
Rank#101  Overall
#17  Document stores
Score0.71
Rank#231  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbravendb.netrdf4j.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlsqrrl.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdravendb.net/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperGoogleHibernating RhinosSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software FoundationAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release20112010200420142012
Current release1.23, February 20215.4, July 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C#JavaScalaJava
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (RQL)noSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesnono
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationnonenoneselectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usednoAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAuthorization levels configured per client per databasenonoCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

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More resources
LevelDBRavenDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQLSqrrl
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