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DBMS > LevelDB vs. MongoDB vs. SQL.JS vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. MongoDB vs. SQL.JS vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOne of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructurePort of SQLite to JavaScriptVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Search engine infointegrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS infoTime Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS infocurrently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.32
Rank#100  Overall
#16  Key-value stores
Score424.53
Rank#5  Overall
#1  Document stores
Score0.63
Rank#243  Overall
#111  Relational DBMS
Score4.39
Rank#82  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#44  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.mongodb.comsql.js.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.mongodb.com/­docs/­manualsql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleMongoDB, IncAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersOpenLink Software
Initial release2011200920121998
Current release1.23, February 20216.0.7, June 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.Open SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenono infoMongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)nono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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MongoDB Atlas: Global multi-cloud database with unmatched data distribution and mobility across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, built-in automation for resource and workload optimization, and so much more.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaScriptC
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoAlthough schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.yesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infostring, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatialyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoRead-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interfaceyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON
JavaScript APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Actionscript infounofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure infounofficial driver
ColdFusion infounofficial driver
D infounofficial driver
Dart infounofficial driver
Delphi infounofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy infounofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp infounofficial driver
Lua infounofficial driver
MatLab infounofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell infounofficial driver
Prolog infounofficial driver
Python
R infounofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk infounofficial driver
Swift
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyes infoin MongoDB Atlas onlynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoPartitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.noneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication
noneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infocan be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency infodefault behaviour
noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possibleyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infooptional, enabled by defaultno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoIn-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users and rolesnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBMongoDBSQL.JSVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsMongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesBuilt around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosAI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsHundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
LevelDBMongoDBSQL.JSVirtuoso
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