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DBMS > etcd vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.64
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score116.01
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
github.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release201119892000
Current release3.4, August 20191.23, February 2021SQL Server 2022, November 20223.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++C
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.noneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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etcdLevelDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSQLite
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