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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MonetDB vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MonetDB vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA relational database management system that stores data in columnsOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#101  Overall
#17  Document stores
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.monetdb.orgravendb.net
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMonetDB BVHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2011201920042010
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releasesDec2023 (11.49), December 20235.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC#
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, in SQL, C, Ryes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding via remote tablesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMonetDBRavenDB
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