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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.32
Rank#100  Overall
#16  Key-value stores
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score78.51
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.13
Rank#342  Overall
#32  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comwww.warp10.io
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.comwww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-UnionSenX
Initial release20112014201020102015
Current release1.23, February 2021V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes infoWarpScript
TriggersnoJavaScriptyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Clusterselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogWarp 10
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