DBMS > LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. SQLite vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. SQLite vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.75
Rank	#107	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.32
Rank	#290	Overall
	#132	Relational DBMS

Score	2.96
Rank	#103	Overall
	#18	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	116.01
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.09
Rank	#354	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

google.github.io/lovefield

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

www.sqlite.org

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Google

Oracle

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2011

2014

2011

2000

2020

Current release

1.23, February 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

23.3, December 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

server-less

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

dynamic column types

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

off heap cache

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

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