DBMS > Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostGIS vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostGIS vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.45
Rank	#265	Overall
	#124	Relational DBMS

Score	78.40
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	23.90
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.71
Rank	#231	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.kingbase.com.cn

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

postgis.net

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

postgis.net/documentation

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

1999

2010

2005

2004

Current release

V8.0, August 2021

V12

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Transact SQL

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

based on PostgreSQL

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

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7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

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