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DBMS > Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameKdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance Time Series DBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.70
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.46
Rank#159  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitekx.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationcode.kx.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVoltDB Inc.
Initial release2000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200320161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current release3.6, May 201816.2, February 202411.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageqC++CJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (q)yesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java
Triggersyes infowith viewsnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlrights management via user accountsyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures
More information provided by the system vendor
KdbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLVoltDB
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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More resources
KdbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLVoltDB
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