DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SpaceTime

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Well established RDBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.52
Rank	#80	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	802.09
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#388	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Mireo

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1989

2020

Current release

12.0, July 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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Conferences, events and webinars

more DBMS events

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

Recent citations in the news

New startup from Postgres creator puts the database at heart of software stack
12 March 2024, TechCrunch

Postgres pioneer Michael Stonebraker promises to upend the database once more
26 December 2023, The Register

Actian Launches Ingres as a Fully-Managed Cloud Service
24 September 2021, Integration Developers

Actian Avalanche Real-Time Connected Data Warehouse adds integration
28 April 2020, TechTarget

Dr. Michael Stonebraker: A Short History of Database Systems
1 February 2019, The New Stack

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7 October 2024, AWS Blog

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26 June 2024, Microsoft

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