DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking

Description

Well established RDBMS

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Widely used RDBMS

OpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.67
Rank	#77	Overall
	#42	Relational DBMS

Score	105.40
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	78.40
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	1234.27
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.oracle.com/database

yaacomo.com

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Oracle

Q2WEB GmbH

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1992

2010

1980

2009

Current release

11.2, May 2022

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

V12

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Android
Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

Transact SQL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

none

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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