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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. Riak KV

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemDistributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.92
Rank#51  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score4.44
Rank#80  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgprometheus.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release20131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20152009
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.2, February 20243.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++CGoErlang
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesnorestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noErlang
Triggersnoyesnoyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby Federationselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes, using Riak Security

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