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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. mSQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. mSQL vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServermSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasehughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesStardog-Union
Initial release2013201019942010
Current release4.1.0, June 2022V124.4, October 20217.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++CJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzuremSQL infoMini SQLStardog
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