DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. RavenDB vs. Tarantool vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. RavenDB vs. Tarantool vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.35
Rank	#283	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#128	Relational DBMS

Score	3.01
Rank	#101	Overall
	#17	Document stores

Score	1.67
Rank	#150	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	3.11
Rank	#99	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

ravendb.net/docs

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

LeanXcale

Hibernating Rhinos

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

2013

2015

2010

2008

2017

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

5.4, July 2022

2.10.0, May 2022

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

through Apache Derby

SQL-like query language (RQL)

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Open binary protocol

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
Java
Scala

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, write ahead logging

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Authorization levels configured per client per database

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more

Competitive advantages

PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more

Typical application scenarios

Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more

Market metrics

2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021, Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor)

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