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DBMS > etcd vs. Immudb vs. MonetDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Immudb vs. MonetDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.A relational database management system that stores data in columnsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.05
Rank#53  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score0.24
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score1.72
Rank#135  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.monetdb.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.immudb.iowww.monetdb.org/­Documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCodenotaryMonetDB BVPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release202020041989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release3.4, August 20191.2.3, April 2022Dec2023 (11.49), December 202316.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoGoCC
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like syntaxyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes, in SQL, C, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding via remote tablespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.none infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
etcdImmudbMonetDBPostgreSQL
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