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DBMS > Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.25
Rank#307  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
github.com/­google/­leveldbgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iogithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperCodenotaryGoogle8Kdata
Initial release202020112016
Current release1.2.3, April 20221.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnono
Triggersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
ImmudbLevelDBToroDB
Recent citations in the news

Codenotary Releases immudb v1.9DOM
19 October 2023, Business Wire

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Codenotary launches cloud version of tamper-proof database
27 June 2023, SC Media

A Step by Step Guide to immudb — the open source immutable database
18 May 2020, hackernoon.com

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

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