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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.73
Rank#108  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Microsoft8Kdata
Initial release2013201020162016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ErlangC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaIBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDB
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