DBMS > etcd vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle vs. TigerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Widely used RDBMS

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.05
Rank	#53	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	3.14
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	1286.59
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#152	Overall
	#14	Graph DBMS

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

hsqldb.org

www.oracle.com/database

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Oracle

Initial release

2001

1980

2017

Current release

3.4, August 2019

2.7.2, June 2023

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

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