DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Apache Impala vs. HyperSQL vs. Neo4j vs. Prometheus vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. HyperSQL vs. Neo4j vs. Prometheus vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score7.92
Rank#51  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score5.10
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orghsqldb.orgneo4j.comprometheus.iotrino.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlneo4j.com/­docsprometheus.io/­docstrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaNeo4j, Inc.Trino Software Foundation
Initial release20132001200720152012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.7.2, June 20235.18.1, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava, ScalaGoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucenenodepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnoyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlernono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes using Neo4j FabricShardingdepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes infoby Federationdepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
nonedepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnodepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBNeo4jPrometheusTrino
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
News

Announcing NODES 2024: Submit Your Talk
17 April 2024

ISO GQL: A Defining Moment in the History of Database Innovation
17 April 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, RAG, Neo4j Guide, ERP and more
13 April 2024

Neo4j Brings GraphRAG Capabilities for GenAI to Google Cloud
9 April 2024

Neo4j Is Now SOC2 Type 2 Compliant
8 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

Time travel in Delta Lake connector
11 April 2024

58: Understanding your users with Trino and Mitzu
4 April 2024

57: Seeing clearly with OpenTelemetry
14 March 2024

Blazing ahead with 22
13 March 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Apache ImpalaHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBNeo4jPrometheusTrino
DB-Engines blog posts

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

show all

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

provided by Google News

Knowledge graphs leveraged for enhanced AI insights
17 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Neo4j Welcomes New GQL International Standard in Major Milestone for Database Industry
17 April 2024, Yahoo Finance

Neo4j 'instrumental' in creation of new ISO graph query standard
18 April 2024, ChannelLife Australia

Using Neo4j’s graph database for AI in Azure
4 April 2024, InfoWorld

Leveraging Neo4j and Amazon Bedrock for an Explainable, Secure, and Connected Generative AI Solution | Amazon ...
10 November 2023, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

VictoriaMetrics Offers Prometheus Replacement for Time Series Monitoring
17 July 2023, The New Stack

How to reduce Istio sidecar metric cardinality with Amazon Managed Service for Prometheus | Amazon Web Services
10 October 2023, AWS Blog

A Comprehensive Comparison of Prometheus and Grafana in 2023
8 December 2023, hackernoon.com

Consider Grafana vs. Prometheus for your time-series tools
18 October 2021, TechTarget

M3
7 August 2018, Uber

provided by Google News

Speed Trino Queries with These Performance-Tuning Tips
11 July 2023, The New Stack

Query big data with resilience using Trino in Amazon EMR with Amazon EC2 Spot Instances for less cost | Amazon ...
4 October 2023, AWS Blog

Starburst Brings Dataframes Into Trino Platform
7 September 2023, Datanami

Trino and dbt open source data tools snuggle closer with integrated SaaS
28 April 2023, The Register

Trino: The Open-source Data Query Engine That Split from Facebook
30 March 2022, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

SingleStore logo

The database to transact, analyze and contextualize your data in real time.
Try it today.

Ontotext logo

GraphDB allows you to link diverse data, index it for semantic search and enrich it via text analysis to build big knowledge graphs. Get it free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here