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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDistributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use casesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures
Primary database modelRelational DBMSEvent Store
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.30
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.25
Rank#320  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score5.82
Rank#65  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score8.00
Rank#51  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-storeazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerprometheus.iowww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-storedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerprometheus.io/­docs
DeveloperIBMMicrosoftSybase, SAP
Initial release20012017201920151993
Current release2.7.2, June 20232.0cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Go
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer additionhostedLinux
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infothrough the embedded Spark runtimeKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Delphi
Perl
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneActive-active shard replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoby FederationMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesNo - written data is immutableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnonono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIBM Db2 Event StoreMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPrometheusSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS
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