DBMS > HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MySQL vs. Oracle vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MySQL vs. Oracle vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.15
Rank	#339	Overall
	#33	Graph DBMS

Score	829.80
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1087.72
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	1234.27
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#309	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Website

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.mysql.com

www.oracle.com/database

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

Technical documentation

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

Developer

Baidu

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oracle

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Initial release

2018

1989

1995

1980

2017

Current release

0.9

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

8.3.0, January 2024

23c, September 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

RDF schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

Supported programming languages

Groovy
Java
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

proprietary syntax

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

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