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DBMS > Hive vs. Lovefield vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Lovefield vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score62.59
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.32
Rank#290  Overall
#132  Relational DBMS
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.46
Rank#159  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitehive.apache.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldneo4j.comwww.stardog.comwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homegithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookGoogleNeo4j, Inc.Stardog-UnionVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20122014200720102010
Current release3.1.3, April 20222.1.12, February 20175.19, April 20247.3.0, May 202011.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptJava, ScalaJavaJava, C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaJava
TriggersnoUsing read-only observersyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing MemoryDByes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and rolesUsers and roles with access to stored procedures
More information provided by the system vendor
HiveLovefieldNeo4jStardogVoltDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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