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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for Hadoopdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score62.59
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.27
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orghive.apache.orgorientdb.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPStardog-Union
Initial release2013201220102010
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1.3, April 20223.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language, no joinsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, Javascriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersnonoHooksyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factorMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationship in graphsyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and roles

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Apache ImpalaHiveOrientDBStardog
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