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DBMS > Hive vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopCloud-based data warehousing serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score64.82
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score1.61
Rank#156  Overall
#71  Relational DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score45.49
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score4.39
Rank#82  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#44  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitehive.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehousewww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookIBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAPOpenLink Software
Initial release201220141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20101998
Current release3.1.3, April 202216.2, February 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducePL/SQL, SQL PLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, Ryes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
HiveIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBPostgreSQLSAP HANAVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
HiveIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBPostgreSQLSAP HANAVirtuoso
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