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DBMS > Hawkular Metrics vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Hawkular Metrics vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Well established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.04
Rank#374  Overall
#38  Time Series DBMS
Score4.67
Rank#77  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score23.90
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score4.87
Rank#74  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.hawkular.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpostgis.netwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpostgis.net/­documentationdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperCommunity supported by Red HatActian CorporationMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20141974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201920052017
Current release11.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.4.2, February 20242.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCCC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyesyes
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsHTTP REST.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infobased on Cassandrahorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infobased on PostgreSQLyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraIngres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infobased on PostgreSQLSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infobased on PostgreSQLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Hawkular MetricsIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostGISTimescaleDB
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