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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. HBase vs. HyperSQL vs. Neo4j vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. HBase vs. HyperSQL vs. Neo4j vs. Prometheus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score31.25
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score7.92
Rank#51  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orghbase.apache.orghsqldb.orgneo4j.comprometheus.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhbase.apache.org/­book.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlneo4j.com/­docsprometheus.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release20132008200120072015
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.3.4, January 20212.7.2, June 20235.18.1, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++JavaJavaJava, ScalaGo
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoCoprocessors in JavaJava, SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersnoyesyesyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes using Neo4j FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes infoby Federation
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaHBaseHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBNeo4jPrometheus
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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