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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. HBase vs. Hive vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. HBase vs. Hive vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTabledata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.06
Rank#39  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score31.60
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score64.82
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.16
Rank#336  Overall
#48  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orghbase.apache.orghive.apache.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhbase.apache.org/­book.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2013200820122019
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.3.4, January 20213.1.3, April 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoCoprocessors in Javayes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factoryes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)noACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAccess rights for users, groups and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaHBaseHiveXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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