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DBMS > H2 vs. MongoDB vs. Neo4j vs. RavenDB vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. MongoDB vs. Neo4j vs. RavenDB vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructureScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
Search engine infointegrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS infoTime Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS infocurrently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.14
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score424.53
Rank#5  Overall
#1  Document stores
Score44.36
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score3.47
Rank#95  Overall
#16  Document stores
Score0.20
Rank#327  Overall
#144  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.mongodb.comneo4j.comravendb.netwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.mongodb.com/­docs/­manualneo4j.com/­docsravendb.net/­docswww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerMongoDB, IncNeo4j, Inc.Hibernating RhinosTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release20052009200720101987
Current release2.2.220, July 20236.0.7, June 20235.18.1, March 20245.4, July 2022Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoMongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenono infoMongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)nonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
MongoDB Atlas: Global multi-cloud database with unmatched data distribution and mobility across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, built-in automation for resource and workload optimization, and so much more.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, ScalaC#C and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoAlthough schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.schema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatialyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesRead-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL InterfacenoSQL-like query language (RQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesJavaActionscript infounofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure infounofficial driver
ColdFusion infounofficial driver
D infounofficial driver
Dart infounofficial driver
Delphi infounofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy infounofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp infounofficial driver
Lua infounofficial driver
MatLab infounofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell infounofficial driver
Prolog infounofficial driver
Python
R infounofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk infounofficial driver
Swift
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJavaScriptyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyesyes
Triggersyesyes infoin MongoDB Atlas onlyyes infovia event handleryesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoPartitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.yes using Neo4j FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infocan be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency infodefault behaviour
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possibleyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolationACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infooptional, enabled by defaultyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoIn-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2no
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Authorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
H2MongoDBNeo4jRavenDBTransbase
Specific characteristicsMongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesBuilt around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosAI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsHundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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