DBMS > H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Postgres-XL vs. ToroDB vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Postgres-XL vs. ToroDB vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Object-relational database and reports server

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.22
Rank	#50	Overall
	#32	Relational DBMS

Score	78.40
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	0.52
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#329	Overall
	#144	Relational DBMS

Website

www.h2database.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.postgres-xl.org

github.com/torodb/server

www.valentina-db.net

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

valentina-db.com/docs/dokuwiki/v5/doku.php

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

8Kdata

Paradigma Software

Initial release

2005

2010

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2016

1999

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

V12

10 R1, October 2018

5.7.5

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

AGPL-V3

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

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12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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