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DBMS > H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Enhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score3.27
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#121  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#323  Overall
#28  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseorientdb.orgwww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-serverterminusdb.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperThomas MuellerMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPPerconaDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20052010201020082018
Current release2.2.220, July 2023V123.2.29, March 20248.0.36-28, 202411.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC and C++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like query language, no joinsyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLJava, Javascriptyesyes
TriggersyesyesHooksyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
Journaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes inforelationship in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesRole-based access control

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More resources
H2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOrientDBPercona Server for MySQLTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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