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DBMS > H2 vs. MariaDB vs. MySQL vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. MariaDB vs. MySQL vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Widely used open source RDBMSTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.14
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score95.03
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score1101.50
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score1.01
Rank#202  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.commariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.mysql.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarydev.mysql.com/­doctypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperThomas MuellerMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Oracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunVaticle
Initial release20052009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199519952016
Current release2.2.220, July 202311.3.2, February 20248.3.0, January 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesJavaAda
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3yes infoproprietary syntaxno
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL FabricSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infowith MEMORY storage engineyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
H2MariaDBMySQLTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development.
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CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for MySQL and many other database management systems.
» more

Navicat for MySQL is the ideal solution for MySQL/MariaDB administration and development.
» more

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
H2MariaDBMySQLTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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