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DBMS > H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#121  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-server
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATEST
DeveloperThomas MuellerGoogleMicrosoftPercona
Initial release2005201120102008
Current release2.2.220, July 20231.23, February 2021V128.0.36-28, 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++C and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoTransact SQLyes
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
H2LevelDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePercona Server for MySQL
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