DBMS > H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Milvus vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Milvus vs. PostGIS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.22
Rank	#50	Overall
	#32	Relational DBMS

Score	3.90
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	1.81
Rank	#144	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Score	23.90
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

postgis.net/documentation

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Initial release

2005

2001

2019

2005

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

2.3.4, January 2024

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

Java

C++, Go

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Java, SQL

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

based on PostgreSQL

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

yes

based on PostgreSQL

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

yes

based on PostgreSQL

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Vector databases
2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
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31 January 2024, SitePoint

Milvus 2.4 Unveils Game-Changing Features for Enhanced Vector Search
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31 January 2024, InfoWorld

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