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DBMS > H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#101  Overall
#17  Document stores
Websitewww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerravendb.net
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperThomas MuellerMicrosoftHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2005200120192010
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases5.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC#
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
H2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRavenDB
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