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DBMS > H2 vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#374  Overall
#38  Time Series DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score23.90
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score4.87
Rank#74  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticspostgis.netwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticspostgis.net/­documentationdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperThomas MuellerCommunity supported by Red HatMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20052014201620052017
Current release2.2.220, July 20233.4.2, February 20242.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++CC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP RESTADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJavaGo
Java
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoTransact SQLuser defined functionsuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyes infovia Hawkular Alertingnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infobased on CassandraSharding, horizontal partitioningyes infobased on PostgreSQLyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayesyes infobased on PostgreSQLSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyesyes infobased on PostgreSQLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
H2Hawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostGISTimescaleDB
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