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DBMS > Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.20
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score78.51
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.01
Rank#202  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitegreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationdocs.greenplum.orglearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.comtypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperPivotal Software Inc.MicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-UnionVaticle
Initial release20052014201020102016
Current release7.0.0, September 2023V127.3.0, May 20202.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infosince Version 4.2yesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
TriggersyesJavaScriptyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes inforelationships in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
GreenplumMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
GreenplumMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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