DBMS > GraphDB vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. TempoIQ

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

Open source graph database

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Scalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.24
Rank	#108	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	51.04
Rank	#20	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Score	0.54
Rank	#225	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.ontotext.com

neo4j.com

rdf4j.org

tempoiq.com (offline)

Technical documentation

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

neo4j.com/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Ontotext

Neo4j, Inc.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

TempoIQ

Initial release

2000

2007

2004

2012

Current release

9.6, February 2021

4.2.4 , March 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

Named S4, Ontotext provides a semantic graph database based on GraphDB in the cloud.

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java, Scala

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

APIs and other access methods

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Java
PHP
Python

C#
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Realtime Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

simple authentication-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GraphDB Enterprise is a high-performance semantic repository created by Ontotext....
» more

Neo4j is a native graph database platform that is built to store, query, analyze...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Neo4j database is the only transactional database that combines everything you need...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked open data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more

Key customers

BBC, Press Association, Financial Times, DK, Euromoney, The British Museum, Getty...
» more

Over 300 commercial customers and over 750 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than a 15 million...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB-Free is free to use. SE and Enterprise are licensed per CPU-Core used. Perpetual...
» more

GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more

News

This Week in Neo4j – Neo4j & Python, Model Git Commits, Slack to Discord, Open Names Data,
17 April 2021

Happy Global Graph Celebration Day 2021!
15 April 2021

Happy One-Year Anniversary to Neo4j Graph Data Science!
13 April 2021

This Week in Neo4j – Neo4j & Django, Analyzing Genomes, GGCD, Change Data Capture,
10 April 2021

Graphs for Real-Time Transaction Processing: 5-Minute Interview with Jorge Zaccaro
9 April 2021

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.