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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GraphDB vs. Neo4j vs. Sequoiadb vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GraphDB vs. Neo4j vs. Sequoiadb vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.48
Rank#260  Overall
#41  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comneo4j.comwww.sequoiadb.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationneo4j.com/­docswww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=indexdocs.stardog.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOntotextNeo4j, Inc.Sequoiadb Ltd.Stardog-Union
Initial release20132000200720132010
Current release4.1.0, June 202210.4, October 20235.18.1, March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava, ScalaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoSQL-like query languageYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
proprietary protocol using JSONGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducewell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJavaScriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handlernoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes using Neo4j FabricShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDDocument is locked during a transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)simple password-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMNeo4jSequoiadbStardog
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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