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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Time Series DBMS based on CassandraWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#311  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spanneropennms.github.io/­newtswww.postgresql.orgterminusdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperGoogleOpenNMS GroupPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release201720141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2018
Current release16.4, August 202411.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCProlog, Rust
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
Java API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerNewtsPostgreSQLTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

Recent citations in the news

Google Cloud Spanner gets dual-region configuration option
23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, Techzine Europe

Google Cloud Enhances Spanner with Dual-Region Configuration
1 August 2024, InfoQ.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud expands its database portfolio with new AI capabilities
1 August 2024, TechCrunch

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26 September 2024, The New Stack

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30 August 2024, The Register

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How TerminusDB is commercializing its open source graph database
16 March 2021, VentureBeat

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12 April 2022, United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction

Trinity College spinout TerminusDB secures €3.6m in investment
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