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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Score4.09
Rank#72  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
pingcap.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperGoogleHughes TechnologiesVesoft Inc.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2017199420192016
Current release4.4, October 20218.2.0, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageCC++Go, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesyesStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsno
Triggersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneCausal Clustering using Raft protocolUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noRole-based access controlFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannermSQL infoMini SQLNebulaGraphTiDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannermSQL infoMini SQLNebulaGraphTiDB
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