DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SpaceTime

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.71
Rank	#93	Overall
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	788.14
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#394	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Mireo

Initial release

2017

1989

2020

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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More resources

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Recent citations in the news

Google Cloud Introduces HDD Tier for Spanner Database, Cutting Cold Storage Costs by 80%
22 March 2025, InfoQ.com

Google Cloud Spanner gets dual-region configuration option
23 July 2024, InfoWorld

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, Techzine Europe

Google Cloud expands its database portfolio with new AI capabilities
1 August 2024, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

AI & Machine Learning in Database Management: Studying Trends and Applications with Nithin Gadicharla
21 March 2025, Tech Times

Microsoft SQL Server 2019 shuffles out of mainstream support
4 March 2025, The Register

SQL Server 2019 installation for Lab
27 January 2025, community.spiceworks.com

Announcing Microsoft SQL Server 2025: Enterprise AI-ready database from ground to cloud
19 November 2024, Microsoft

Ola Hallengren’s SQL Server Maintenance Solution in AWS
9 March 2025, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

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