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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Riak KV

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSDistributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#91  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score798.55
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score3.47
Rank#78  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release201719892009
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20223.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++Erlang
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaErlang
Triggersnoyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesno infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Security

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft SQL ServerRiak KV
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Recent citations in the news

Google Cloud adds graph processing to Spanner, SQL support to Bigtable
1 August 2024, InfoWorld

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, Techzine Europe

Google Cloud expands its database portfolio with new AI capabilities
1 August 2024, TechCrunch

Google Cloud announces new data innovations to support AI applications
1 August 2024, SiliconANGLE News

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Continuous Replication to Amazon RDS for SQL Server from Azure SQL
10 January 2025, AWS Blog

Announcing Microsoft SQL Server 2025: Enterprise AI-ready database from ground to cloud
19 November 2024, microsoft.com

JetBrains Rider will get remote Windows development, mixed mode .NET and C++ debugging and improved SQL Server support
10 January 2025, DevClass

How to check your SQL Server version
21 August 2024, ITPro

Ignite 2024: Microsoft Debuts SQL Server 2025, Integrates Azure SQL into Fabric
19 November 2024, The New Stack

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Basho Revamps Riak Open-Source Database
22 September 2023, InformationWeek

A Critique of Resizable Hash Tables: Riak Core & Random Slicing
26 August 2018, InfoQ.com

Riak NoSQL snapped up by Bet365
12 September 2017, ComputerWeekly.com

Is Riak A Good NoSQL Database Option For Enterprises?
1 July 2019, AIM

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