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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Solr vs. Sqrrl vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Solr vs. Sqrrl vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeSearch engineDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.37
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score5.35
Rank#71  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score43.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score4.39
Rank#82  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#44  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablessolr.apache.orgsqrrl.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docssolr.apache.org/­resources.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftApache Software FoundationAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20172012200620121998
Current release9.5.0, February 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSolr Parallel SQL Interfacenoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava pluginsnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding infomaking use of Hadoopyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesselectable replication factor infomaking use of HadoopChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationoptimistic lockingoptimistic lockingAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesyesCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Table StorageSolrSqrrlVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Table StorageSolrSqrrlVirtuoso
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