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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Realm vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Realm vs. SingleStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score7.18
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrealm.iowww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrealm.io/­docsdocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019SingleStore Inc.
Initial release2017201620142013
Current release8.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Sourcecommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++, Go
Server operating systemshostedhostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryyes
Triggersnonoyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesnoneSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesyesFine grained access control via users, groups and roles

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRealmSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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