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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J vs. YDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRDF storeDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.39
Rank#269  Overall
#43  Document stores
#126  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrdf4j.orggithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrdf4j.org/­documentationydb.tech/­en/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Yandex
Initial release2017201920042019
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF SchemasFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
PHP
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneActive-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud DataflowSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameYDB
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