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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Postgres-XL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.In-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score0.48
Rank#262  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score105.40
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score0.52
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release2017201419922014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201910 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptC++C
Server operating systemshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript APIADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineuser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLokiJSMicrosoft AccessPostgres-XL
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Recent citations in the news

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It?
11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

Google Cloud Spanner competes directly with Amazon DynamoDB
12 October 2023, Techzine Europe

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LokiJS - A JavaScript Database
18 November 2014, iProgrammer

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9 November 2023, Check Point Research

Hackers Exploit Microsoft Access Feature to Steal Windows User’s NTLM Tokens
11 November 2023, CybersecurityNews

MS access program to increase awareness and independence of those living with MS and disability
10 July 2023, Nebraska Medicine

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