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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TerarkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#377  Overall
#58  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperGoogleKineticaMicrosoftByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release2017201220102016
Current release7.1, August 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC, C++C++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsTransact SQLno
Triggersnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles on table levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerKineticaMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTerarkDB
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Recent citations in the news

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

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11 October 2023, TechCrunch

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