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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#252  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.harperdb.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.harperdb.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperGoogleHarperDBMicrosoft
Initial release201720172019
Current release3.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageNode.js
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
hosted
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON data typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like data manipulation statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoCustom Functions infosince release 3.1Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationAtomic execution of specific operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and rolesAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHarperDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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