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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Ignite vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Ignite vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score3.64
Rank#89  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#48  Relational DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#101  Overall
#17  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comignite.apache.orgravendb.net
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlapacheignite.readme.io/­docsravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperGoogleThomas MuellerApache Software FoundationHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2017200520152010
Current release2.2.220, July 2023Apache Ignite 2.65.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++, Java, .NetC#
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaC#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)yes
Triggersnoyesyes (cache interceptors and events)yes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes (replicated cache)Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)yes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerH2IgniteRavenDB
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